recess_for

The DVD encryption hack

Several months ago, the DVDCCA also sent me a "cease and desist" letter to which I responded. I think its just so humorous that although they have seemed to get favorable rulings, that they are unable to get the "coupe to gras" required to get a univeral injunction on deCSS. And the rabbit is way out of the hat now.

From the EFF update on Johansen's testimony:

The courageous teen also revealed that the MPAA filed charges against Jon and his father Per, instigating the Norwegian Economic Crime Unit to ask Jon to answer questions at the police station in January 2000. His testimony revealed a flaw in the judge's thinking, who has previously stated in several opinions that the teen was arrested and has inferred guilt therefrom. Not only was Johansen never arrested for developing the software, the Norwegian government awarded Jon a prestigious award for his excellent grades in high school and his contribution to society for creating DeCSS. Although it did not come out in court today, the Norwegian parliament has also issued the young teen a formal apology for the treatment he has undergone as a result of publishing the code.

In the pretrial hearings/discovery phase that's going on in the case right now it has come out that the MPAA received many responses to the letters they've sent out to web masters (including myself.) However, they have so far not produced them. (My letter in particular should be particularly damning since I asked for a clarification, and they never responded.)

I was emailed a letter (authored by Anita Bruckner, working for the company "Self") stating that I should take this site down. However, the letter contained logic that I did not follow, as well as demands that were not entirely consistent with court rulings to date. So I sent them a response and will, for now, stay up. This status may not remain for long if they can manage to convince me to take this site down. (Hint, Hint.)

This web page was listed as exhibit 21 and 22 in the summons against 2600 et al. See The Summons

Its likely you have already heard about this, but in case you haven't here's the scoop. DVD's are digitally encrypted with a mechanism called "content scrambling system." The subset of the decryption mechanism which governs the encryption steps after fetching from the DVD ROM but before video playback has been cracked.

This crack was apparently performed using a hardware ICE (in-circuit emulator -- used to simulate a CPU, usually for the purpose of tracing and debugging software and devices that cannot be analyzed with more conventional debugging tools) by "MoRE" (Masters of Reverse Engineering) who found a weak implementation (XING) that was easy to trace. The motivation behind the whole thing was to author an OpenSource software DVD player for Linux. It appears as though the DVD committee totally underestimated the determination of the OpenSource hackers out there. In retrospect it probably would have been wise of them to have created a licensable CSS decryption black box plus an OpenSource sample a DVD player for the Linux community. Alas, by playing harball, they set themselves up for this.

As a point of history, there have been a few hacks before this one, however they fell short of the mark. One of the first which I actually originally mirrored (yes Mr. Abene, those geocities URLs are long but what do you expect for their $0 price tag?), was based on working around the interface of a particular player and capturing the stream after the player had decrypted the DVD. The problem with these kind of cracks is that the CSS protocol actually has a kind of work around for this problem. The encryption scheme requires independent key validation by the player, the DVD, and the drive simultaneously. So if one vendor's player is cracked, then their key can simply be revoked, by refusing validation on future media (this at least would limit the damage to older titles, where there is less of a market.) I voluntarily took down my page showing one of the first one of these hacks because mirroring this info which itself was pretty weak, and watching the original sources and all other mirroring sites get cleaned up by lawyers didn't leave me with much motivation for hanging on to it.

The reason that it took so long for this complete crack of the scheme to appear is that too much time was wasted in schemes such as the one described above, in concert with the DVD consortium's active lawyers. The only solution was to really break the encryption method -- nothing less was totally sufficient. Fortunately, the heart of the CSS encryption scheme is a 40-bit key bit scrambling method (not hard to guess why) which is woefully weak by today's standards. As such generating an arbitrary player key is relatively easy, and therefore this crack can be considered complete.

Well, that's about enough commentary from me. Here are the decryption tools for Win32.

Cryptanalysis of CSS
Original CSS analysis

Source code for the CSS decryption
css-auth source code

The CSS decryptor binaries for Windows (DeCSS)
~~decss binaries for win32~~ (Removed by ISP)

Windows decryptor source
decss source for win32 (New addition)

Ok, so why am I not scared of the lawyers this time around? Actually, I still am. But, I am not the only one mirroring this info this time. The hackers got it right this time -- nobody stands alone on this. In doing so we get what we want and can proceed from a position of strength. We are hackers, hear us roar:

CSS work around news

MPAA accused of piracy
IEEE decides to drop DMCA restriction to publications
Linux video's Open Media System has been released
CodeFreeDVD Remove the region coding from your DVD player.
CPS2Shock crack CPS2 encryption scheme (not directly related to deCSS, however, they are in pretty much the same legal position with respect to the DMCA.)
Kuro5hin thread on DVD-CCA side effects
2600 DVD archive
LinuxWorld interview with Jon Johansen
Jan Johansen and father visited by police
Chain of events
Latest for WIRED
Court document containing the exhibits
Response to exposure of above?
EFF archive of DVD events
OpenDVD -- resources about the CSS and DVD
Protest flyer from 2600
2600 story on injunction against them and two primary co-defendents
Comments on deCSS by Bruce Schneier
Another Cryptanalysis in norwegian
DVD Rippers not based on DeCSS
Commentary on the cryptanalysis of CSS.
Some DVD utilities, including rippers not based on DeCSS (warning: may also contain illegal contents. Watch what you download.) Removed
Original rhythm.cx site. (Changed from distribution to commentary.)
O P E N L A W : OPEN DVD
I want my DVD your honor
ISP takes stand in dispute over DVD-cracking code (story on C|Net)
John Gilmore (EFF) discusses recent copyright control mechanisms.
Web Piracy-Crackdown Spawns Stealth Platforms

Jan Johansen the 16 year old caught in the middle.
DeCSS T-Shirt Used To Commit Piracy!
Response to the MPAA DeCSS case FAQ
Archive of DeCSS case docs on 2600
Declaration of hoy -- which includes the css-auth code
Scientific American Article on DeCSS

Can u see this image?(may not work with M$ IE) If not, save it as .png and open it with a .png viewer

decss.mp3
Interview with David Touretsky (maintainer of the DeCSS gallery)
42 ways to distribute DeCSS
DeCSS set to music
DeCSS bedtime story
DE SDMI cracking the SDMI watermarking/steganography encryption challenge.
Reverse Engineering: Necessary Function Or Illegal Activity? (from Planet It)
"The Boondocks" March 4, 2001
Regulator challenges DVD zones (www.news.com.au)
Video store raided for selling imported dvd's 28 Jun 2001
The Multatuli Project Faked ISP Notice & take down and the results that followed.

Responses Gallery

Links to DeCSS
Attention! This list used to number 300+ in live, verified, links to DeCSS. This number has shrunk considerably due, no doubt, to the rather aggressive efforts of the MPAA. While I am sure many other sites exist, we need to remain vigilant and defy the MPAA when we can. For those that want to use a free web page to mirror DeCSS, it looks like geocities, angelfire, tripod, and nbci/xoom have enforced a policy of not hosting DeCSS. However, fortunecity and spaceports seem to have let DeCSS continue to live on their pages.

Martyrs for the cause

http://www.azillionmonkeys.com/qed/DeCSS.zip    Removed
http://www.2600.com/news/1999/1112-files/DeCSS.zip/    Withdrawn
http://www.2600.com/news/1999/1112-files/css-auth.tar.gz    Withdrawn
http://douglas.min.net/~drw/css-auth/    Withdrawn.
http://people.delphi.com/salfter/LiVid.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
ftp://193.219.56.32/pub/dvd/LiVid.CVS-11.06.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
ftp://193.219.56.32/pub/dvd/LiVid.CVS-11.06.css-stuff-only.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://merlin.keble.ox.ac.uk/~adrian/css/index.html    Withdrawn.
http://www.dvd-copy.com/    Withdrawn.
http://www.zip.com.au/~cs/dvd/css/css-auth.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://www.zip.com.au/~cs/dvd/css/DeCSS.zip    Withdrawn.
http://members.tripod.lycos.nl/jvz/    Removed.
http://www.cc.utah.edu/~rdj5/    Removed.
http://www.devzero.org/freecss.html    Broken.
http://munitions.vipul.net/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://munitions.polkaroo.net/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://munitions.dyn.org/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://uk1.munitions.net/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://134.100.185.221/decss/    Removed.
http://munitions.firenze.linux.it/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://www.tasam.com/~fenkt/dvd/    Withdrawn.
http://chaz.fsgs.com/misc/DvD/    Withdrawn.
http://thrash.webjump.com/decss.zip    Removed.
http://www.eyrie.demon.co.uk/derek/dvd/css    Withdrawn.
http://xempt.darpa.org:81/decss/    Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/movies/decss    Withdrawn.
http://www.oocities.com/SiliconValley/Port/3224/    Withdrawn.
http://members.tripod.co.uk/bap/css/css.html    Removed.
http://members.home.com/christopherlee/dvd/    Withdrawn.
http://63.225.181.97/decss/    Removed.
ftp://alma.dhs.org/pub/DVD/    Withdrawn.
http://www.capital.net/~mazzic    Withdrawn.
http://www.oocities.com/donotsueme/    Withdrawn.
http://www.oocities.com/RainForest/4360/decss.zip    Withdrawn.
http://www.sarahandcasey.com/decss/    Withdrawn.
http://mikedotd.penguinpowered.com/deccs    Removed.
http://www.jonhanson.com/dvd    Withdrawn.
http://wakeupthe.net/dvd/    Removed.
http://everest.yooniks.org/dvd    Withdrawn.
http://people.ne.mediaone.net/dantepsn/    Removed.
http://www.glue.umd.edu/~castongj    Withdrawn.
http://www.projectgamma.com/deccs/    Withdrawn.
http://www.angelfire.com/de2/decss/decss.htm    Withdrawn.
http://www.krackdown.com/decss    Withdrawn.
http://come.to/intelex    Spam.
http://revolution.3-cities.com/~spack/dvd/    Withdrawn.
http://members.xoom.com/s_o_sam/help.html    Removed.
http://home.rmci.net/bert/dvd    Withdrawn.
http://thrash.webjump.com/decss.zip    Withdrawn.
http://www.members.home.net/normanlorrain/    Withdrawn.
http://www.robotslave.net   Withdrawn.
http://www.worldcity.nl/~frank/dvd   Withdrawn.
http://www.adulation.net/css/   Withdrawn.
http://homepage.interaccess.com/~mycroft/decss/DeCSS.zip   Withdrawn.
ftp://www.spamshack.net/pub/dcss/   Withdrawn.
http://noc.res.cmu.edu/   Withdrawn.
http://fairuse.freeservers.com/   Withdrawn.
http://www.sent.freeserve.co.uk/css-auth.tar.gz    Withdrawn.
http://hometown.aol.com/elktonstalkers/CSS/index.htm   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/electronic/icebandits/dvd.html   Dead links.
htp://mikpos.dyndns.org/pub/cssdvd.zip   Withdrawn.
http://www.reapers.org/    Withdrawn.
http://caspian.twu.net/dvd/mirrors/www.lemuria.org/DeCSS/    Withdrawn.
http://mclaughlin.orange.ca.us/~andrew/    Withdrawn.
http://hem.fyristorg.com/police/css.htm    Withdrawn.
http://www.wackyass.org/decss/   Withdrawn.
http://207.153.240.9/files/?/mm/decss121b.zip   Withdrawn.
http://adopt.lamegeeks.com/   Withdrawn.
http://www.intelcities.com/Main_Street/Avoiderman/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/SiliconValley/Software/6003/index.html   Withdrawn.
http://dbzauctions.tripod.com/decss.zip   Withdrawn.
http://www.c0ke.com/DVD/   Withdrawn.
http://www.homestead.com/donotsueme/index.html   Removed.
http://ananke.hack.pl/   Removed.
http://donotsueme.homepage.com/   Removed.
http://dirtass.beyatch.net/   Removed.
http://batman.jytol.fi/~vuori/dvd/   Withdrawn.
http://plato.nebulanet.net:88/css/   Withdrawn.
http://therapy.endorphin.org/DVD/   Withdrawn.
http://www.angelfire.com/myband/decss/   Removed.
http://josefine.ben.tuwien.ac.at/~david/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.dvdlinks.co.uk/css/   Removed.
http://www.crosswinds.net/~valo/DeCSS/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/freedecss/   Removed.
http://www.dynamsol.com/satanix/   Withdrawn.
http://munitions.cifs.org/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz   Removed.
http://24.108.23.121/DeCSS/   Removed.
http://www.altern.com/tfagart/decss.zip   Removed.
http://www.itouch.net/~jm/dvd.html   Removed.
http://www.isn.net/~dsimeone/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://www.fortunecity.com/victorian/parkwood/95/DVD/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/NiKeX   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/chapter3/MammaNo.htm   Removed.
http://budice.ancients.net/www.free-dvd.org.lu/   Removed.
http://defiance.darktech.org/decss/   Removed.
http://bone.powersurfr.com/DeCSS/   Removed.
http://analyzethis.acmecity.com/triboro/90/   Removed.
http://homepages.together.net/~ibnzahid/DeCSS.zip   Withdrawn.
http://members.xoom.com/mxpxguy/dvd/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/iox   Removed.
http://elknews.netpedia.net/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.idrive.com/decss/web   Removed.
http://www.clug.com/~vodak/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.znacs.net/~vodak/dvd/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/mogreen/decss/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/iamkeenan/master/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/nyc2600   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/a1010_2000/   Removed.
http://www.ithink.org/dvd/   Withdrawn.
http://smokering.org/   Withdrawn.
http://www.oocities.com/ResearchTriangle/Campus/8877   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/mt/popefelix/   Removed.
http://www.dvd.eavy.de/css-auth.tar.gz   Withdrawn.
http://www.eavy.net/stuff/dvd/css-auth.tar.gz   Withdrawn.
http://frozenlinux.com/local/decss/index.html   Removed.
http://www.unitycode.org/unity/archives/documents/1999-12-11/index.html   Removed.
http://decss.tripod.com/index.html   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/in2/mirror/   Removed.
http://members.theglobe.com/avoiderman/dvd.htm   Removed.
http://remco.xgov.net/dvd/   Withdrawn.
http://www.twistedlogic.com/html/tl_archive_map.htm   Removed.
http://dsl129.drizzle.com:2001/downloads/DVD/   Removed.
http://perso.libertysurf.fr/ortal98/dvd_rip/decss_12b.zip   Removed.
http://users.drak.net/bemann/software/css/css-auth.tar.gz   Removed.
http://rockme.virtualave.net/   Removed.
http://amor.rz.hu-berlin.de/~h0444t2v/   Removed.
http://people.mn.mediaone.net/bojay/slashdot/   Removed.
http://members.tripod.com/donotsueme/   Removed.
http://donotsueme.freeservers.com/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/punk/donotsueme/   Removed.
http://www.rz.uni-frankfurt.de/~marsie/   Removed.
http://209.178.22.9/protest/   Removed.
http://www.planet.net.au/~coram/   Removed.
http://www.geek.co.il/css/   Removed.
http://www.datacomm.ch/adrien/decss/index.html   Removed.
http://home.rmci.net/bert/fuckthelawyers/   Removed.
http://unimatrix.dyndns.org/fucklawyers/   Removed.
http://www.warren-wilson.edu/~echerry/dvd   Removed.
http://www.mafkees.com/dvd   Withdrawn.
http://db.org/dvd/   Removed.
http://dcwi.com/~wench/decss   Removed.
http://www.frankw.net/decss   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/ResearchTriangle/Station/2819/index.html   Removed.
http://www.execpc.com/~unicorn/dvdmirror.htm   Removed.
http://merlinjim.freeservers.com/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.visi.com/~adept/liberty   Removed.
http://magic.hurrah.com/~fireball/dvd/   Removed.
http://osiris.978.org/~brianr/css/   Removed.
http://www.satl.com/~satlpop6/   Removed.
ftp://cm-d0415.resnet.ucsc.edu/pub/css-auth.tar.gz   Removed.
http://www.mit.edu/afs/sipb/user/mycroft/css-auth/   Removed.
http://kesagatame.tripod.com/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/pokemon/decss   Removed.
http://www.save2600.8m.com/   Removed.
http://decss.fall0ut.com/   Removed.
http://vedaa.tripod.com/decss.html   Removed.
http://www.hackunlimited.com/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.wpi.edu/~nassar/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/cold_dvd/   Removed.
http://www.fortunecity.com/skyscraper/motorola/1415/decss.htm   Removed.
http://www.linuxstart.com/~kvance/projects/decss.html   Removed.
http://www.darkkingz.com/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/decss_forever/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/SiliconValley/Software/8762/   Removed.
http://dlsf.org/   Removed.
http://linux.uci.agh.edu.pl/~outlaw/decss.html   Removed.
http://debian.mps.krakow.pl/mirror/css/   Removed.
http://www.fission.org/~mangino   Removed.
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~mangino/index.html   Removed.
http://212.187.12.197/decss/   Removed.
http://www.clarkson.edu/~andrixjr/decss/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/CapitolHill/1583/dvd.html   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/punk/freedom/   Removed.
http://www.copkiller.org   Withdrawn.
http://underground.pl/dvd/   Removed.
http://zerosoft.hypermart.net/warez/DVDcrK.txt   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/SiliconValley/File/3635/   Removed.
http://decss.globalservice.hu/   Removed.
http://www.mindspring.com/~stonethrower   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/SiliconValley/Hardware/6188/index.html   Removed.
http://matt.frogspace.net/css/   Removed.
http://imezok.tripod.com/Untitled.txt   Removed.
http://warpedreality.members.easyspace.com/   Removed.
http://homepages.go.com/homepages/4/0/3/403_error/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/maud123/Home/CSS.htm   Removed.
http://xtreme2k.8k.com/DeCSS/   Removed.
http://hackingdvd.homestead.com/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/corporatemindcontrol/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/SoHo/Studios/6752/index.html   Removed.
http://darklord.darkthrone.com/users/smith/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.divisionbyzero.com/decss/   Withdrawn.
http://decss.cx/   Removed.
http://kevins.ne.mediaone.net/~kevins/dvd/   Removed.
http://planeta.clix.pt/DJ_AmAzInG/DVD/   Removed.
http://www.uwm.edu/~zachkarp/index.html   Removed.
http://decss_files.tripod.com/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/freedvdinfo/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/SiliconValley/Software/3971/   Removed.
http://24.114.168.235/public/css.htm   Removed.
http://www.crosswinds.net/oakland/~ahrendt/Lawyers_are_scum-sucking_pigs/and_are_ruining_this_country/And-how.html   Removed.
http://members.tripod.com/ny2600/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/ny3/ny2600/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/electronic/decss/   Removed.
http://theannux.homestead.com/decss.html   Removed.
http://pages.hotbot.com/edu/silex/mirror.html   Removed.
http://home.att.net/~phreakonaleash/ccs_mirror--screw_the_feds/   Removed.
http://www.halma.nl/~bb/   Removed.
http://supportyourlocal2600.homestead.com/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/pe/sh3/deccs/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/ak2/antigovernment/css.html   Removed.
http://yourpage.blazenet.net/gabriel/   Removed.
http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~dhbayne   Removed.
http://www.netspace.org/~algae/dvd/   Removed.
http://home.sol.no/~craphead/DVD/   Removed.
ftp://gabriel.student.harvard.edu/pub   Removed.
http://www.ece.utexas.edu/~hintz/decss/   Removed.
http://207.224.31.138/slashdot/dvd.htm   Removed.
http://gwu.edu/~wahern/decss/decss.html   Removed.
http://www.pitchblack.org/members/trytostopme/   Removed.
http://www.nedor.com/~ted/thoughts/dvd/mirror/   Removed.
http://showalter.mit.edu/DVD/index.html   Removed.
http://www.zdnet.de/download/library/deBFF-wf.htm   Removed.
http://decssmirror.homestead.com/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/CapitolHill/Embassy/2417/index.html   Removed.
http://www-personal.ksu.edu/~tar/   Removed.
http://www.xmission.com/~kcool/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://j.lehman.tripod.com/   Removed.
http://perso.libertysurf.fr/dvdrip/   Removed.
http://members.home.com/the-enigman/program.html   Removed.
http://hiway1.exit109.com/~malice/   Removed.
http://members.home.net/pshay1/badthings/decss.html   Removed.
http://www.securityinsight.com/   Removed.
http://www.smackfu.com/   Withdrawn.
http://dvd.squadron.org/   Removed.
http://130.111.75.63:142/   Removed.
http://207.224.31.138/slashdot/dvd.htm   Removed.
http://go.to/nairos   Withdrawn.
http://isupport2600.8m.com/   Removed.
http://noc.res.cmu.edu/   Removed.
http://wakeupthe.net/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.adulation.net/css/   Withdrawn.
http://www.gnosis.cx/download/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://www.members.home.net/normanlorrain/   Removed.
http://home.primus.com.au/ratzmilk/   Removed.
http://alpha.cc.tut.fi/~mhi/   Removed.
http://swsystem.freewebsites.com/2600   Removed.
http://angelfire.com/biz5/freedecss/index.html   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/biz5/decss/decss.html   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/in/sight/   Removed.
http://thesanitarium.n3.net/   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/amateursoft/   Removed.
http://members.tripod.com/r-sobin/dvd/   Removed.
http://members.tripod.com/~baloney97/dvd/   Removed.
http://leeroy.webjump.com/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://alsscan.webjump.com/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com/phireproof/   Removed.
http://www.crosswinds.net/~dvdcrack/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/~davebdb/css-auth/   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/danrolfe420/decss.zip   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/RainForest/Andes/3587/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/movies/dvdiss/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/wy/leggosfun/dvd.htm   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/scifi/dblagbro/index.html   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/nh/panzah/   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/wa2/phederalphelony/breakingnews.html   Removed.
http://www.oocities.com/TimesSquare/Dome/4021/dvd.html   Removed.
http://dvdoutrage.tripod.com/   Removed.
http://www.hote.qc.ca/dvd/index.html   Removed.
http://www.angelfire.com/mb/DVDoutrage/   Removed.
http://home.pacbell.net/pfconces/   Withdrawn.
http://www.oocities.com/epoxy_css/   Removed.
http://www.mich.com/~anson/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://cherryville.org/dvd/   Removed.
http://zimmer.csufresno.edu/~donaldhu/mirror   Removed.
http://pages.hotbot.com/arts/weknow/index.html   Removed.
http://www.scwc.net/DeCSS/   Removed.
http://members.theglobe.com/GreedyMan/greedy.html   Removed.
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~homeyd/DVD/   Removed.
http://www.corecomm.net/~davebb/css-auth/   Removed.
http://rha.housing.niu.edu/~davebb/css-auth/   Removed.
http://www.imsoelite.com/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.freebox.com/zcedri/   Removed.
http://wusn-members.xoom.com/ambisagrus/index.html   Removed.
http://kb5kjn.karco.org/~alpine/DVD/   Removed.
http://stunman.iwarp.com/   Removed.
http://www.rit.edu/~jpd5836/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://ndez.bizland.com/css-auth/   Removed.
http://www.teamnismo.com/2600/index.html   Removed.
http://members.home.com/raven11/   Removed.
http://www.oz.net/~tvaughan/   Removed.
http://www-personal.ksu.edu/~wizkid/decss.html   Removed.
http://hermes.spaceports.com/~guhd/decss121b.exe   Removed.
ftp://dvd:dvd@206.98.63.136/   Removed.
http://killer.discordia.ch/Politics/Copyprotection.phtml   Removed.
ftp://ftp.one.net/pub/users/dmahurin/files/software/dvd/   Removed.
ftp://ftp.charm.net/pub/usr/home/dutch/   Removed.
http://www.charm.net/~dutch/   Removed.
http://www.able-towers.com/~flow/   Removed.
http://www.bard.org.il/~marc/dvd   Removed.
http://www.posexperts.com.pl/people/wrobell/css/   Removed.
http://www.cyberchrist.org/article/freecss.html   Removed.
http://www.ozemail.com.au/~cyberchrist/freecss.html   Removed.
http://dvdcss.newmail.ru/   Removed.
http://www.subcor.com/   Removed.
http://www.asleep.net/dvd   Removed.
http://earnestdesigns.com/dvd   Removed.
http://ebmedia.net/dvd/   Removed.
http://www.csd.net/~cgadd/dvd.htm   Withdrawn.
http://www.corova.com/dvd/   Removed.
http://2600.dk/mirrors/css/   Removed.
http://dvdcrack.homepage.com   Removed.
http://www.ctol.net/~ross/css-auth.tar.gz   Removed.
http://members.xoom.com//_XMCM/madasian2000/index.htm   Removed.
http://members.nbci.com/_XMCM/madasian2000/index.htm   Removed.
http://ts1.online.fr/dvd/   Removed.
ftp://ftp.firehead.org/pub/   Removed.
http://friko6.onet.pl/war/mkochano/   Removed.
http://www.duffbrew.com/decss/   Withdrawn.
http://budsmoker.com/sites/decss/   Removed.
http://shell.world-net.co.nz/~kyhwana/   Removed.
http://www.mindspring.com/~rafferty/   Removed.
http://www2.matematicas.com.mx/mate/dvd/index.html   Removed.
http://www.robotslave.net/   Removed.
http://xenox.wulf.com/cssauth.tar.gz   Removed.
http://xenox.wulf.com/DeCSS.zip   Removed.
http://xenox.wulf.com/LiVid.tgz   Removed.
http://334.se2600.org/   Link Removed.
http://www.rpi.edu/~jettea/dvd.html   Removed.
http://www.conspiracynow.com/theories/decss/   Withdrawn.
http://home.earthlink.net/~kaos_inc/index.html   Removed.
http://home.clara.net/bangor/DeCSS/   Removed.
http://home.clara.net/clara.net/b/a/n/bangor/webspace/DeCSS/   Removed.
http://deelbeson.detour.net/   Removed.
http://artun.ee/~rommi/css/   Removed.
http://home.lore.com/~scriven/   Removed.
http://pzcommunications.com/decss/main.htm   Sneaky commercialization attempt.
http://www.chello.nl/~f.vanwaveren/css-auth/css-auth.tar.gz   Removed.
http://www.vexed.net/CSS">http://www.vexed.net/CSS   Removed.
http://www.zpok.demon.co.uk/deCSS/CSS.html   Removed.
http://www.quintessenz.at/q/index.html   Withdrawn.